In pushing for legislation against the spread of false information online, Sen. Robinhood Padilla enumerated 15 countries that have laws against “fake news.” His list, however, carries some inaccuracies.
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Sources
Senate of the Philippines, Resolution No. 191, accessed Nov. 29, 2022
Senate of the Philippines, Committee on Public Information and Mass Media, Nov. 28, 2022
Poynter, A guide to anti-misinformation actions around the world, accessed Nov. 28, 2022
Amnesty International, A HUMAN RIGHTS APPROACH TO TACKLE DISINFORMATION, April 14, 2022
Japan
- Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, 【啓発教育教材】インターネットとの向き合い方~ニセ・誤情報に騙されないために~ | 安心・安全なインターネット利用ガイド | 総務省, accessed Nov. 29, 2022
- Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, インターネット上のフェイクニュースや偽情報への対策, accessed Nov. 29, 2022
- Masato Kajimoto (Annie Lab, HKU Journalism), Personal communication, Nov. 29, 2022
Germany
- Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection website, Act to Improve Enforcement of the Law in Social Networks (Network Enforcement Act, NetzDG) – Basic Information (2017), accessed Nov. 29, 2022
- Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection website, Gesetz zur Verbesserung der Rechtsdurchsetzung in sozialen Netzwerken (Netzwerkdurchsetzungsgesetz – NetzDG), accessed Nov. 29, 2022
- Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection Official Facebook Page, Gestern ist das neue Netzwerkdurchsetzungsgesetz (NetzDG) in Kraft getreten! Ab jetzt gilt u. a.:, June 29, 2021
- Alice Echtermann (Correctiv), Personal communication, Nov. 29, 2022
Brazil
- Câmara dos Deputados website, Relator apresenta nova versão do projeto sobre fake news; conheça o texto – Notícias – Portal da Câmara dos Deputados, March 31, 2022
- Câmara dos Deputados website, Relator apresenta texto do projeto sobre fake news – 31/03/22, March 31, 2022
- Consulta Pública – PL 2630/2020 :: Portal e-Cidadania – Senado Federal
- Poynter Institute, An unholy coalition torpedoes social media reform legislation in Brazil,
- Twitter, PL 2630/2020 deixou de ser sobre combater as fake news, Feb. 24, 2022
- Google, PL 2630 pode aumentar desinformação online e prejudicar usuários, April 2, 2022
- The Intercept, First France, Now Brazil Unveils Plan to Empower the Government to Censor the Internet in the Name of Stopping “Fake News”, Jan. 10, 2018
- FENAPEF Twitter account, Polícia Federal dará início nos próximos dias em Brasília às atividades de um grupo especial formado para combater notícias falsas durante o processo eleitoral. A medida tem o objetivo de identificar e punir autores de “fake news” contra ou a favor dos
United Kingdom
- U.K. Parliament, Online Safety Bill – UK Parliament, accessed Nov. 29, 2022
- U.K. Government website, Online Safety Bill: factsheet – GOV.UK (updated April 19, 2022), accessed Nov. 29, 2022
- ScienceDirect, A critical review of the Online Safety Bill, Aug. 12, 2022
- U.K. Government Communication Service, Alex Aiken introduces the Rapid Response Unit, accessed Nov. 29, 2022
- Full Fact, Full Fact Report 2022 – Full Fact, accessed Nov. 29, 2022
- https://web.archive.org/web/20180923023658/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-42791218
Argentina
- Defensoría del Público, La desinformación y la violencia afectan el diálogo y limitan los derechos de las audiencias…, Oct. 10, 2020
- Defensoría del Público, NODIO, el Observatorio de la desinformación y violencia simbólica, Oct. 9, 2020
- Poynter, Argentina’s new government office is NOT a fact-checker, Oct. 19, 2020
Sweden
- Swedish Psychological Defence Agency, Mission – The Swedish Psychological Defence Agency, accessed Nov. 29, 2022
- The Washington Post, Sweden sets up Psychological Defense Agency to fight fake news, foreign interference, Jan. 6, 2022
- The Telegraph, Sweden launches ‘Psychological Defence Agency’ to counter propaganda from Russia, China and Iran, Jan. 4, 2022
(Guided by the code of principles of the International Fact-Checking Network at Poynter, VERA Files tracks the false claims, flip-flops, misleading statements of public officials and figures, and debunks them with factual evidence. Find out more about this initiative and our methodology.)